Como usar extintor de incêndio: guia prático de segurança

Saber manusear um extintor de incêndio é uma competência vital que pode conter focos de fogo ainda em estágio inicial. Presentes em condomínios, lojas e escritórios, esses dispositivos são projetados para serem operados por qualquer cidadão, desde que as normas de segurança estabelecidas pelo Corpo de Bombeiros Militar do Paraná (CBMPR) sejam seguidas rigorosamente.

Entenda as classes de extintores

A eficiência do combate ao fogo depende diretamente da escolha do equipamento correto. O modelo mais comum e versátil em edificações é o extintor ABC. Ele é classificado para atuar em três frentes: classe A (materiais sólidos como papéis, madeira e tecidos), classe B (gases e líquidos inflamáveis) e classe C (instalações elétricas energizadas). Conhecer essas categorias é fundamental para não agravar a situação durante um incidente.

Manutenção e inspeção preventiva

Não basta apenas saber onde o aparelho está instalado; é preciso garantir que ele esteja funcional. A verificação periódica deve ser realizada exclusivamente por empresas credenciadas pelo Inmetro. O histórico de inspeções e a validade da próxima recarga ficam registrados em uma etiqueta afixada no próprio cilindro. Manter o acesso ao extintor livre de obstáculos e conferir sua sinalização são cuidados básicos que podem fazer a diferença em momentos críticos.

Passo a passo para a utilização

Ao se deparar com um princípio de incêndio, a agilidade deve ser acompanhada de técnica. Primeiramente, rompa o lacre e remova o pino de segurança. Em seguida, direcione a mangueira do equipamento especificamente para a base das chamas, e não para o topo do fogo. Acione o gatilho mantendo uma distância segura.

A major Luisiana Guimarães Cavalca explica que qualquer pessoa pode utilizar o equipamento em uma emergência, desde que saiba identificar o extintor adequado e siga as orientações de segurança.

Quando não utilizar o equipamento

Existe um limite claro para a atuação individual. A segurança pessoal deve ser priorizada acima de qualquer tentativa de controle do fogo. “Se o calor for intenso, houver muita fumaça ou as chamas estiverem se espalhando, não tente utilizar o extintor. Se você não consegue se aproximar do foco com segurança, é porque o incêndio já está desenvolvido e o equipamento não terá o efeito necessário. Nesses casos, deixe o local, avise os demais ocupantes e acione o Corpo de Bombeiros pelo telefone 193. A preservação da vida deve estar sempre em primeiro lugar”, orienta.

Em caso de evacuação, lembre-se: utilize sempre as escadas, jamais o elevador, e não retorne para recuperar pertences. A orientação principal é sempre garantir que o 193 seja acionado o quanto antes para que equipes especializadas assumam o combate.

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Créditos das imagens: Divulgação/CBMPR

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